Central-draft lamp



(Nb Model.)

H. J. WILLIAMS.

GENTRAL DRAFT LAMP.

Patented Apr. 8, 1890.

me warms PETERS sci, FNDIO-LITHD., WASHINGTON, a. c.

, UNITED STATES PATENT Cr mes,

HARRY J. \VILLIAMS, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT.

CENTRAL-DRAFT LAM P.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,281, dated April 8, 1890.

Application filed March 25, 1889- Serial No,304,674. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HARRY J. WILLIAMS, of Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Central-Draft Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a side View half in vertical section of a complete lamp embodying this invention; Fig. 2, a vertical section of the blank from which the burner is formed; Fig. 3, the same blank, illustrating the formation of the bead or stop 5 Fig. a, an end view of the blank, illustratin g the'formation of the chimney-holder;

. Fig. 5, a vertical section of the blank with the chimney-holder complete; Fig. 6, a vertical section of the burner complete; Fig. 7, a modification in the formation of the burner; Fig. 8, a side view of the wick-raising ring detached; Fig. 9, 'a horizontal section through the fount at thepoint where the wick-raising lever is hung, showing a top view of the wickraising lever and transverse section of the wick-raising ring.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction of that class of lamps which are adapted to use a tubular wick and in which a central tube is arranged through the fount or burner to lead air to the interior of the flame, commonly called central-draft lamps, and particularly to that class in which an air-distributor is arranged in theupper end of the central tube, projecting above the end of the wick with its side walls perforated, so as to equally distribute the air laterally into the flame.

The first part of the invention refers particularly to the construction of the burner, and has for its object the production of the burner proper from a single piece of metal.

The second part of the invention refers particularly to the air-distributor. These distrib u tors are usually made from metal, with the upper end closed and the side walls perforated, the distributer substantially filling the upper end of the central tube. This solider close metal top makes a dark spot in the fiaine,detracting somewhat from the brilliancy of the flame.

The object of the second part of my invention is to avoid this solid metal or opaque top of the distributor.

The third part of my invention relates to a drip-cup arranged at the lower end of the central tube to catch the overflow of oil; The object of this part of the invention is to make the drip-cup a preliminary air-distributer.

The invention consists in the construction as hereinafter described, and particularly recited in the claim.

A represents the outer wall of the burner of a diameter corresponding to the neckB of the fount, and it is constructed with an annular rib C, so that the lower portion of the burner may enter the neck of the fount and be supported by the said annular rib C.

D represents the inner portion of the burner, which forms a tube surrounding the wick E, and F represents the inner or central tube,

which corresponds to the internal diameter of the wick, the wick-chamber being between the tubes F and the tubular portion D of the burner.

G represents the chimney-holder.

I make the body A, the chimney-holder, and the inner or tubular portion D of the burner from a single piece of metal. To produce this burner, a disk of metal of the required size is drawn into cup shape, corresponding to the external diameter of the burner, one end closed, as seen in Fig. 2. This blank is of cylindrical shape. I now form the annular rib C in this hlank'by making an annular depression from the inside outward, as seen in Fig. 3. The bottom of the cup is to form the chimney-holder and is to be the upper end of the burner.

To form the chimney-holder, I cut a concentric central opening H through the bottom of the cup, as seen in Fig. at, and slit the bottom radially from this central opening H, so as to form a series of tongues I, connected by their outer end to the wall of the cup. These tongues are then turned outward, and so as to present a convex surface upon the inside, as seen in Fig. 5. These tongues are elastic, so as to form a series of springs, the internal diameter of which is somewhat less than the base of the chimney to be supported. The chimney J 1s of usual shape, enlarged above the base, as seen in Fig. 1, and so that the base of the chimney sets within the springs. The bulb of the chimney will rest upon the upper end, while the base is grasped by the springs; hence no support is necessary for the lower end of the base. The other end of the blank for the burner is then turned inward, contracted in diameter corresponding to the tubular portion D of the burner, and so that the tubular portion D will come parallel with the base A of the burner, as seen in Fig. 6. The turning in of the blank commences atadistance below the bead 0 corresponding to the extent to which it is desirable the burner should enter the neck of the fount. The external diameter below the bead corresponds to the internal diameter of the neck of the fount. The length of the tube D of the burner is such as to bring its upper edge into proper relation to the inner tube, as seen in Fig. 1. This completes the burner. It is made complete in a single piece of metal. The bascA of the burner is perforated, as usual in this class of burners, for the admission of airinto the chimney outside the flame.

The chimney-holder made integral with the body of the burnermaybe employed in burners in which the inner tube D is made separate, asseen in Fig. 7, .where the inner tube 1s constructed with a flange and closed into the bead C. This is snfficient illustration to indicate the making of the burner in separate parts where the chimney-holder is integral with the base of the burner.

K represents the air-distributer. This is of a diameter adapted to set into the upper end of the central tube F, and to project above. The side of the distributer is made from metal and perforated in the usual manner; but instead of making the upper end of metal integral with the sides, or attached thereto, I make the upper end of glass, mica, or other transparent material, and secure it to the upper end of the distributor by closing the upper edge of the metal of the distributer over the edge of the glass, as seen in Fig. 1, or otherwise. The perforations of the distributer permit the light from the flame to cn'terwithin the distributer, and if the top of the distributer be metal, as usual, this light is lost, and the upper end of the distributer appears as a dark center to the flame; but the top of the distributer being-glass, the light which enters the distributer passes out through the transparent top and avoids the dark center of the flame to which I have referred.

The distributers as commonly used are of various shapes, so far as the side walls are concerned, but invariably are made with metal or opaque tops. I therefore do not wish to be understood as limiting the transparent top to any particular shape of the sides of the distributer, and the top maybe concave-convex, as represented, or flat, as indicated in broken lines, or other desirable shape.

At the lower end of the central tube F the drip-cup L is applied. This is made from metal, of cup shape, the bottom closed, and of an internal diameter substantially that of the external diameter of the central tube F, the upper end of the cup is slit, so as to permit a slight expansion or spring-like action of the upper edge of the cup, that it may be set onto the lower end of the tube F and grasp it with sufficient friction to secure it in place, as seen in Fig. 1. The sides of the dripcup from a point some distance above the bottom is perforated, as shown, for the admission of air to the central tube, and because of the perforation of these side walls any irregularity of the currents passing into the tube is prevented and the fi'ame made more steady'than when the lower en'drof the tube is open and without a distributer at that lowerend.

The wick-raiser consists of a metalring M, (see Fig. 8,) the internal diameter of which substantially corresponds to the external diameter of the wick and so as to be seton over the wick, as seen in Fig. 1. This ring is constructed with several tongues N, which are formed by vertical cuts through the ring extending from near one end to the other, the cuts coming together at one end, so as to leave the tongues free to spring inward or outward, and the tongues are serrated upon their inside, as seen in Fig. 1, so as to firmly engage the wick. The wick-raising ring Mis perforated at diametricallyopposite points with vertical series of holes a. Through the neck of the fount-a lever is-arranged, as seen in Figs. 1 and 9. This lever is made in two parts, or, rather, istwo levers combinedin one, jointed as at b, one arm (Z of onelever extendingoutward and the arm 6 of the other lever also extending outward. The other arm f of the lever e extends from the opposite side of the pivot, and the other arm g of the lever e extends in the opposite direction, the ends of the two arms f g turned inward to form a pair of pivots h, which correspond to the holes a of the wick-raising ring M. The arms f 9 ex tend one each side of the ring M, and when in the closed position the ends or pivots hextend into opposite holes in the wick-raising ring M, as seen in Fig. 9. The arms d e, extending outward, take a bearing in the opening through the fount in which they are arranged, and so that the lever may be turned .up and down, as indicated in Fig. 1, and under such movement a corresponding vertical movement will be imparted to the wick-raising ring M and to the wick itself.

WVhen it is desired to remove the wick-ring for the removal or introduction of a wick, the burner is removed from the fount and the ring M raised with the wick. Then the levers -IOO are opened to take the pivots h it out of engagement with the ring, when the ring will be free to be removed to receive a new wick, or for whatever purpose it may be desired, and then returned to its place. The levers are closed to bring the pivots h again into engagement with the ring M, as before.

There being a vertical series of holes a in the ring, the engagement between the lever and the wick-raising ring may be made at different points, so as to incrcase the extent of adjustment of the wick under the action of the leverthat is to say, in case of a fresh wick the levers will be engaged with the upper holes, and as the wick is consumed the engagement of the lever with the ring M will be made at a lower point.

The arms cl 6 should beheld together to prevent separation, and this is conveniently done by making one arm e longer than the other, and arrange thereon a handle 0, which is adapted to slide longitudinally on the arm 6. The arm 6 is engaged with the handle 0, so as to permit longitudinal movement of the handle, but so as to prevent its entire escape therefrom, and, as shown, the lever dbeing shorter than the lever e when the handle 0 is withdrawn from the arm 6. The arms are free to separate, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 9; but when the handle is moved inward it overlaps the end of the arm D, and so as to secure the two arms in the closed position.

1. A burner for central-draft lamps having the perforated base A, the chimney-holding springs, and the tube 1), turned upward within and concentric with the said base, springs, and

tube, all made from a single piece of metal, substantially as described.

2. An air-distributer for central-draft lamps, adapted to set upon the central air-supply tube, having its sides metal and perforated, and its top of transparent material, substantially as described.

3. A Wick-adjuster for central-draft lamps, consisting of the ring M, adapted to be set onto and so as to engage the tubular wick, combined with a pair of levers hinged together and so as to swing in a horizontal plane, one arm of each lever extending outward through an opening in the fount, the other arms of the levers extending inward, one each side of the said ring, said inward arms terminatingln pivots resting in corresponding holes drametrically opposite each otherin the said ring, substantially as described.

4. In a wick-ad j uster for central-draft lamps, the combination of the wick-raising ring M, constructed with two vertical series of holes a, diametrically opposite each other, a pair of levers hinged together and so as to swing in a horizontal plane, the arms (1 6, extending outward through an opening in the fount, the arms f g of the said levers extending inward and terminating at diametrically opposite points each side the said ring, theends of the said arms f 9 adapted to engage either of the holes in the said series, substantially as described.

HARRY J. WILLIAMS.

\Vitnesses:

HENRY H. KENDRICK, A. L. Srnvnns. 

